5) Some of the roads have been flooded(淹沒), ______ our journey more difficult.
A. it makes
B. they make
C. which makes
D. which make
解題思路:四個答題中有兩個區分點:第一個區分點是:C、D都用了連接詞"which",而A、B沒有用,根據"逗號不能連接兩個句子"的原則,A、B肯定不對;第二個區分點是:C、D中,動詞一個用單數形式makes,一個用復數形式,這里應選擇C.為什么?非限制性定語從句中,除了說明先行的某個名詞外,還可以說明整個句子的內容,此時動詞用單數形式。全句意思:有的路已被洪水淹沒,這使我們的旅行更加困難。"which"代表"有的路已被洪水淹沒"這件事情。
考試時,當出現類似形式的題目而確實又看不懂句子意思時,應傾向于選擇which 單數動詞的那個選項。
6)They have made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science.
A. which I think is
B. I think which is
C. which I think it is
D. I think of which is
解題思路:英語中的連接詞一般都是放在從句的最前面,據此,可以排除B、D選項;A、C的區分點是"it", 想一下本節的第一題,就能正確選擇答案A了。此類題目中,I think應理解為"插入語",要熟悉這種形式,
又如:
He is the man ______ I suppose is capable of finishing this task.
該題應填who而不是whom
(在從句中)當狀語時:關系副詞where及when
where : 當先行名詞在從句中當"地點狀語"時,用關系副詞where連接
例如:
The crime rate rises in cities where the unemployment rate increases. (失業率高的城市犯罪率也高。) 句中的where = in cities, 表示行為發生的地點。
這里的要點是能否區分是用that (which) 還是用 where, 即:是做"主語、賓表語",還是做"地點狀語",例如:
I love the small town that we visited last week.
句中"town"做動詞"visited"的賓語,即"參觀過的小鎮",故用that連接。
I love the small town where I lived during my childhood.
句中"town" 是動詞"lived"的地點,即"童年時住過的小鎮",故用where.
這也是定語從句的一個考點。
when : 當先行名詞在從句中當"時間狀語"時,用關系副詞when連接, 例如:
July is the month when we have a lot of rain. (七月是多雨的月份。)
注意"when"定語從句后推的現象,例如:
I think (that) the day will finally come when air pollution can be put under control. (我認為空氣污染得以控制的一天最終會來到。)
放在主句后面作非限制定語從句時(前面一般加","號),"when"一般譯為"此時","那時", 例如:
The meeting will be put off until next month, when we will have made all the preparations. (會議將推遲到下月,那時一切就準備就緒了。)
另一個關系副詞是why,由于它固定與the reason搭配, 即: the reason why,不難理解,一般也不作為考試的重點。例如:
This is the reason why the electronic computer cannot entirely replace man. 這就是(為什么)電子計算機不能完全代替人的原因。
whose (= of which / whom):做先行詞(不管是人還是物)的定語,漢語為"…的",不要考慮是否是限制性或非限制性定語從句, 例如:
Pay attention to that boy whose temperature is very high. (理論上也可以寫成:Pay attention to that boy the temperature of whom is very high. 注意那個男孩,他的體溫很高。(非限制性) / 注意那個體溫很高的男孩。(限制性)
介詞 which (whom)
先看兩個句子: