(4) 先行詞被the very, the only, any, no等詞修飾時
只能用that,不能用which連接。
也就是說,在限制性定語從句中,連接物的關系代詞用"that" 總是對的。
這是考試判題的重要思路。不一定要刻意去死背硬記上面四條具體的規則。
↗人 who (賓格用whom)
非限制性定語從句:
↘物 which (不要用that)
注意:非限制性定語從句(連接詞前面一般有","號)中,不會出現"that"
記住上述要點了嗎?做幾道題,鞏固一下上面所講的內容:
盡量不要查字典!
1)The book ______ is now out of stock
A. which he bought it last week
B. which he bought last week
C. which he had bought last week
D. which it was bought last week
解題思路:如果你選擇了A或D,說明你對"句子成分"的概念,或對關系代詞在句子中可以做什么成分還不清楚,應該好好復習"什么叫定語從句?"一節;如果選C,說明你對時態概念仍不清楚,再復習"過去完成時"一節;正確答案為B,"which"在從句中做動詞bought的賓語。這里能不能將"which"改成"that"呢?當然可以,而且現在更多的是用"that".實際使用中,該句子中的"which"或"that"可以省掉,即:The book he bought last week is now out of stock. (他上周買的那本書現在脫銷。) ,即:當關系代詞在從句中當賓語時,可以省掉。
2) He is the man ______ is capable of finishing this task.
A. he
B. whom
C. who
D. which
解題思路:正確答案為C,關系代詞在從句中當主語,故選擇主格who而不是whom;任何A、D選擇說明學生缺乏最基本的語法概念,應補最基礎的語法課。
3)The only thing _____ can be done is to stop them from going there.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. who
解題思路:記住:定語從句中永遠不可能出現what做連接詞, 記住這句話對理解"名詞性從句"會大有幫助; 既然先行詞為thing(事情), 就不能用who連接;同時出現"which"和"that",又沒有","號,當然選B(the only thing只能用 that連接,不能用 which連接)。下面一題的思路是一樣的:
4)All ______ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.
A. which is needed
B. that is needed
C. what is needed
D. is needed
正確答案是:B 注意:all that = what, 不可能出現all what