(3)將不定式移到句首表示條件,如:
to hear the teacher better, you have to sit in the front. = if you are to hear the teacher better,……
(4)與形容詞連用時,大多表示原因。這些形容詞主要有:happy, kind, surprised, frightened, angry, shocked, glad, delighted, grieved,disappointed等。
They were surprised to be informed of the news. i‘m glad to hear this.
動詞不定式的時態和語態
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
進行式 to be doing
完成進行式 to have been doing
1.如果不定式所表示的動作與主要謂語動詞所表示的動作同時(或幾乎同時)發生或發生在主要謂語之后,通常用不定式的一般形式。如:
I saw him go out.
I‘m glad to see you.
2.如果不定式所表示的動作發生在主要謂語動詞或特定的時間之前,不定式就要用完成式。如:
I intended to have telephoned you, but i forgot to.
I should like to have bought a dictionary.
3.不定式進行式表示主要謂語動詞所表示的動作發生時,不定式所表示的動作正在發生。如:
I am glad to be talking with you. she pretended to be listening attentively.
4.不定式完成進行時表示的是一個開始于過去某一時刻但一直延續到謂語動詞發生的那一時刻的動作。如:
He was thought to have been working on the project for two years.
5.不定式的被動語態
當不定式的邏輯主語是動作的承受者時,這個不定式要用被動式,包括它的各種時態在內。如:
She doesn‘t like to be treated as a guest.
她不喜歡被當作客人對待。
They want their tv set to be fixed right now.