綜合類考試輔導(dǎo)：閱讀理解Sino-Japan

　　Chinese and Japanese people view each other slightly more positively than last year， according to a survey released on Wednesday at a press conference in Beijing.

　　The survey is jointly sponsored by China Daily and Genron NPO1， a Japanese think tank similar to the American Council on Foreign Relations. It also found overwhelming agreement in both countries that Sino-Japanese relations were important.

　　The survey is a part of the Beijing-Tokyo Forum， an annual gathering of senior government officials and representatives from Chinese and Japanese NGOs2 designed to improve communication and understanding between the two countries.

　　Conducted every year for five years now， the survey focused on two different groups of people： ordinary citizens， and intellectuals. In China， the intellectual group was comprised mainly of university students from well-known schools like Peking University. In Japan， the "intellectual" group was mainly made up of previous members of Genron NPO.

　　Among ordinary Chinese polled， 35.7 percent said they have "very good" or "relatively good" impressions of Japan， a 5.5-percentage-point increase compared with last year. 45.2 percent of Chinese students had a positive impression of Japan， two percentage points more than last year. Only 26.6 percent of Japanese have a positive impression of China， however.

　　Still， an overwhelming majority of the respondents from each country said Sino-Japanese relations were "important" and wanted their leaders to deepen talks and cooperation with each other.

　　But 51.9 percent of ordinary people and 42.4 percent of students in China said they saw no change in relations between the two countries over the last year. In Japan， 64.8 percent of those ordinary people and 53.4 percent of intellectuals surveyed shared the view that there was no improvement in bilateral ties this year.

　　Historical issues and territorial disputes remain two major obstacles to improving bilateral relations， the survey found. What concerns the Chinese most are historical issues， visits by Japanese officials to Yasukuni Shrine3， and the Nanjing Massacre.

　　Perceptions on economic and trade relations have improved， though. About 47 percent of ordinary Japanese said China had been "helpful" this year in fighting the global economic crisis， compared with just 30 percent last year. The percent of Japanese intellectuals who said Chinese economic growth was good for Japan increased from 65.8 percent to 81.4 percent this year.

　　Cooperation in East Asian issues， trade and investment， energy， and the environment and climate change top the list of common concerns that people in China and Japan want their leaders to talk about in bilateral meetings， the survey found.

　　Civil exchanges were regarded by the most people from the both countries as an important way to improve relations. 90.7 percent of the students and 85.7 percent of the ordinary people in China and 95.8% of intellectuals and 74.8% of the ordinary people in Japan viewed civil exchanges as "important" or "relatively important"。

　　Chinese and Japanese both learn about each others countries mostly through television news and newspapers， the survey found.

　　詞匯：

　　animosity n. 憎惡；敵意；仇恨

　　massacre n. 大屠殺

　　overwhelming adj. 壓倒性的，勢(shì)不可擋的

　　bilateral adj. 有兩邊的；(兩黨、兩國等)雙邊的

　　注釋：

　　1. NPO：是英文"non-profit organization"的縮寫，直譯為"非營利性的組織"。

　　2. NGO：是英文"non-government organization"的縮寫，直譯為"非政府組織"。

　　3. Yasukuni Shrine 靖國神社。

　　練習(xí)：

　　1. Which of the following statements about the survey is true？

　　A) The survey was conducted on Wednesday at a press conference in Beijing.

　　B) The survey is jointly sponsored by y China Daily， Genron NPO and theAmerican Council on Foreign Relations.

　　C) The survey found that people in both China and Japan generally agreethat the relationship between the two countries is important.

　　D) The survey mainly focused on two different groups of people： ordinarycitizens， and the university students.

　　2. According to the passage， the Beijing-Tokyo Forum

　　A) is held every year in Beijing.

　　B) aims at promoting communication between the two countries.

　　C) mainly attracts representatives from the governments of the two countries

　　D) releases a survey on Sino-Japanese relation every five years.

　　3. In the last year， ________% of ordinary Chinese and ________% of Chinese students have a positive impression of Japan.

　　A) 35.7； 45.2

　　B) 51.9； 42.4

　　C) 5.5； 26.6

　　D) 30.2； 43.2

　　4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the major obstacles to improving bilateral ties？

　　A) territorial disputes

　　B) trade frictions

　　C) visits by Japanese officials to Yasukuni Shrine

　　D) the Nanjing Massacre

　　5. The survey found that

　　A) most Japanese had good or relatively good impressions of China.

　　B) the bilateral relationship was perceived as being improved over last year by the majority of respondents from the both countries.

　　C) an overwhelming majority of the respondents from each country believed that the Civil exchanges were an important way to improve relations.

　　D) The territorial issue ranked among the top list of common concerns that people in both countries want their leaders to talk about in bilateral meetings.

　　答案與題解：

　　1.C 從第二段最后一句話可知，中日兩國民眾普遍認(rèn)為兩國之間的關(guān)系很重要。

　　2.B 第三段明確表示，論壇的宗旨是為了增進(jìn)兩國之間的溝通和理解。

　　3.D 第五段中說本年度普通中國人和大學(xué)生中對(duì)日本印象較好的人所占比例分別為35.7%和45.2%，分別比上一年度增長5.5 個(gè)百分點(diǎn)和2 個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，因此可以計(jì)算出去年普通中國人和大學(xué)生對(duì)日本持積極態(tài)度的百分比分別為30.2%和43.2%。

　　4.B 第八段列出了阻礙中日關(guān)系正常發(fā)展的主要障礙，分別是領(lǐng)土爭(zhēng)端和歷史問題，后者包括南京大屠殺和日本領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人參拜靖國神社。貿(mào)易摩擦則沒有提及。

　　5.C 從倒數(shù)第三段提供的數(shù)據(jù)可知，中日兩國大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為民間交往是促進(jìn)兩國關(guān)系發(fā)展的重要途徑。