四、構詞法記憶法
通過掌握構詞法來記憶單詞。英語主要有三種構詞法:
1)轉化,即由一個詞類轉化為另一個詞類。例如:
picture (n)畫-picture (v)描繪
water (n)水-water (v)澆水
例題1: He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social skills and conduct. (2003年職稱英語衛生類C級)
A. behavior B. style C. mode D. attitude
答案:A
解釋:
Conduct (v.)引導,管理,為人,傳導
Conduct (n.)操守,行為
Conductor (n.)列車員,售票員,指揮者,導體等
Semi-conductor 半導體
例題2:The ice is not thick enough to bear the weight of a tank.(2004年職稱英語衛生類C級)
A. suffer B. accept C. receive D. endure
答案:D
解釋:
bear (n.)熊
bear (v.)負擔, 忍受, 帶給, 具有, 擠
2)派生,即通過加前綴或后綴構成另一個詞,例如:
happy→ unhappy(加前綴) happiness(加后綴)
例題1: The workers in that factory manufacture furniture. (2003年職稱英語衛生類C級)
A. promote B. paint C. polish D. produce
答案:D
例題2: Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is a still needed. (2003年職稱英語衛生類C級)
A. mental B. physical C. natural D. hard
答案:B
man-, manu- =hand
manage(管理), manual(體力的,手冊), manuscript(手寫稿), manufacture(生產), manumit(釋放)
例題3:About one million Americans are diagnosed,annually with skin cancer. (2004年職稱英語衛生類C級)
A. every year B. severely C. actively D. every month
答案:A
Ann= year
Anniversaire (French)
Anniversary, annals(編年史), annuity(年金)
3)合成,即由兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞。例如:
wood(木) cut(刻)→ woodcut(木刻)
pea(豌豆) nuts(堅果)→ peanut(花生)
例題1: In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed. (2003年職稱英語衛生類C級)
A. judgement B. result C. decision D. event
答案:B