衛(wèi)生類B級：閱讀理解Thirst for Oil
Werldwide every day，we devour the energyequivalent of about 200 million barrels of Oil.MoHt of the energy on Earth comes from the Sun.In fact enough energy from the Sun hits the planet’s surface each minute to cover our needs for an entire year，we just need to find an efficient way to use it.So far the energy in oil has been cheaper and easier to get at.But as supplies dwindle，this will change，and we will need to cure our addiction to oil.
Burning wood satisfied most energy needs until the steam-driven industrial revolution，when energy-dense coal became the fuel of choice.Coal is still used，mostly in power stations，to cover orle quarter of our energy needs，but its use has been declining since wc Staned pumping up oil.Coal is the least efficient，unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel，but could make a comeback，as supplies are still plentiful;its reserves are five times larger than oil’s.
Today petroleum，a mineral oil obtained from below the surface of the Earth and used to produce petrol，diesel oil and various other chemical substances，provides around 40% of the world’s energy needs，mostly fuelling automobiles.The US consumes a quarter of all oil，and generates a similar proportion of greenhouse gas emissions.
The majority of oil Comes from the Middle East，which has half of known reserves.But other significant sources include Russia，North America，Norway，Venezuela and the North Sea.Alaskas Arctic National Wildlife Refuge1 could be a major new US source，to reduce reliance on foreign imports.
Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years，though opinions and estimates vary.We could fast reach an energy crisis in the next few decades，when demand exceeds supply. As conventional reserves become more difficuh to access.others such as oil shales and tar sands may be used instead.Petrol could also be obtained from coal.
Since we started using fossil fuels，we have released 400 billion tonnes2 of carbon，and burning the entire reserves could eventually raise world temperatures by 13℃.Among other horrors，this would result in the destruction of all rainforests and tile inching of all Arctic ice.
注釋：
1. Alaska’s Arctic National Wildlife Refuge：美國阿拉斯加北極國家野生動物保護區(qū)。2001年，美國眾議院通過了一項基于布什提出的在那里進行石油開采的議案。該議案遭到環(huán)境保護主義組織的反對。因此，目前在該區(qū)禁止開采石油。
2. tonnes：公噸(=1，000公斤)。不同于ton. ton：在美國等于二千磅(=0.907公噸)，所以稱作short ton：短噸。
練習(xí)：
1. “...we will need to cure our addiction to oil.” Why does the author say so?
A Most of the energy on Earth comes from the Sun.
B Oil supply is increasing all the time.
C Demand for oil is increasing all the time.
D Oil supply is decreasing.