一、掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意(關鍵)
對主題思想的提問是閱讀理解測試的必考題。但提問方式及用詞都有差異,這類題常見提問方式可歸納如下:
1. The main idea of this passage is _______
2. This passage tells us_______
3. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?
4. Which of the following sentences best summarizes the author‘s main point?
5. Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?
6. The subject matter of this selection is ______
7. The passage mainly discusses_______
8. This passage illustrates ______
9. This paragraph centers / focuses on ______
10. This passage mainly deals with ______
11. This passage is chiefly concerned with ______
12. The author‘s purpose in writing this passage is _______
13. What is the passage mainly about?
14. What is the best title of the passage?
15. The major point discussed in the passage is
解答這一類題目的基本方法如下:A.找主題句。
首先要讀標題(包含:主題句中的核心詞或概括性詞)。主題句一般位于文章或段落的開始,在解題時,凡是與主題句意思最接近的選項必然是正確的答案。
B.概括和歸納出主題思想。(這個比較難)
實際上,在閱讀理解測試部分有的文章是沒有主題句的。概括主題可以從歸納每段的要點開始(大部分閱讀理解短文都是由數段組成),最后將各段要點集中概括并歸納出全文的主題思想。
二、了解闡述主旨的事實和細節一般會引用事實、或分析原因、或對比事物間的關系等以論證論點。
常用有兩種:1、要求找出文章中的重要事實或細節,常與who,when,where,which或why有關。
2、辨認哪些細節在文章中沒被提及,常有except,not(mentioned/true),least等。
回答這類題目,讀者要:通讀全文、掌握文章的中心大意的基礎上,首先,看懂問題,明確問的是什么,然后,按照題意尋讀,找到答案根據。
三、利用上下文猜測某些詞匯和短語的意義完整的語篇中,單詞和詞組的意義受特定的情景、上下文限制,因此可以根據上下文,并利用所掌握的句法、構詞法和詞匯等確定它們的意義。掌握這一基本技能不僅能幫助讀者從詞或詞組的多種義項中選擇符合上下文的解釋,而且往往還能推測某些生詞的大致意思。
常見的這類題型有:
1. The word "。。。" in line 。。。 refers to ______。
2. The expression "。。。" (line paragraph 。。。) is closest in meaning to
3. In line.。, the word "。。。" most probably means ________
4. In line.。, the word "。。。" could best be replaced by _________
5. By "。。。" the author means _________
6. The word "。。。", as used by the author, most nearly means ________
7. In this passage, the word "。。。" means
8. "。。。" in the context of the passage refers to ???_________
9. "。。。", as used in the passage, can best be defined as _________