職稱英語綜合類考試:in case的用法
一)in case作短語連詞,能引導狀語從句。就其詞義和語法職能來分,可引導兩種從句。
其一:in case /just in case引導目的狀語從句作“以免,以備,以防”等解。如:
He takes a torch in case it gets dark before he returns.
他帶了手電筒,以備天黑以后回家之用。
Ive bought a chicken in case your mother stays to lunch.
我買來一只童子雞,以備你媽媽留下吃午飯。
I decided to stay at home just in case my friends came round.
我決定留在家里,以防朋友們不期而至。
Ill make some sandwiches in case you feel hungry on the journey.
我會做些三明治,免得你在旅途中餓著。
Buy one of his paintings now,in case they get more expensive.
現在就買下他的一幅畫,以防他的畫漲價。
You must be quiet in case the fish are frightened. 其二:in case接條件從句,意為“如果、萬一”。如:
In case we fail,we wont lose heart.萬一我們失敗,我們決不會失去信心。
Add more coal in case the weather is cold.如果天氣冷,就添些煤吧。
In case you get home before I do,could you start preparing dinner?
如果你在我之前到家,你能不能動手做飯?
In case theyre late,we can always sit in the bar.
要是他們來晚了,我們總可以在酒吧里坐一坐。
In case you were thinking Id lend any money,Ill tell you now—I wont.
如果你以往認為我總是借錢給你,這回對你說明白:我不借。
Little Melanie,in case youve forgot- ten,hasnt forgiven you.
如果你忘記了,小梅蘭妮是不會原諒你的。
(二)in case作副詞性短語,常置于句末,表示事先準備或預防的措施,作“以防萬一”解。如:
She ought to be there in case.他應在那兒等著,以防萬一。
I will keep some of these unused in case.我要保留一些不用,以備急需。
“I dont think theres any danger,”said the electrician,“but youd better switch the electricity off in case.”電工說,“我看沒啥危險,不過你最好關上電閘,以防萬一。”
Im sure they havent forgotten but lets send them a reminder just in case.
我相信他們不會忘記,不過為防止萬一,還是給他們發一封催促函吧。
The bus is usually on time,but start early,just in case.
那班汽車通常是準點的,但你還是早點動身,以防萬一。
(三)in case of是短語介詞,后接名詞、動名詞等。它帶的短語置于句末常看作目的狀語,作“以免,以防”解(A);置于句首常視為條件狀語,作“如果,萬一”解(B)。但位置不是絕對的。如:
(A)The wall was built along the river in case of floods.沿河筑起防護墻,以防洪水。
You should keep a first-aid kit in the car in case of accident.
你應該在車里放一套急救用品,以備意外事故需用。
Many shops along the route have boarded up in case of trouble.
這條干道上沿途有許多商店都用木板釘上,(遮攔住玻璃門窗),以防止受到騷擾。
In case of rain I have an umbrella.我帶了把雨傘以防下雨。
In case of need,I can make a trip to Boston.如有急事,我可以去趟波士頓。
In case of difficulty,you can reach me at this number.
如果有困難,你可以撥這個電話號碼找我。
In case of my absence,some one will take my place.如果我不到,將有別人代替。
In case of my not being there,ask my brother to help you.
萬一我不在那里,讓我弟弟來幫助你。